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Vedic Mathematics (book)
''Vedic Mathematics'' is a book written by the Indian Hindu cleric Bharati Krishna Tirthaji and first published in 1965. It contains a list of mental calculation techniques claimed to be based on the Vedas. The mental calculation system mentioned in the book is also known by the same name or as "Vedic Maths". Its characterization as "Vedic" mathematics has been criticized by academics, who have also opposed its inclusion in the Indian school curriculum.
==Publication history==
Although the book was first published in 1965, Tirthaji had been propagating the techniques since much earlier, through lectures and classes.〔S. G. Dani (December 2006). "(Myths and reality : On ‘Vedic mathematics’ )". Originally published as a 2-part article in Frontline, 22 October and 5 November 1993. The updated version appears in Kandasamy and Smarandache (2006).〕 He wrote the book in 1957. It was published in 1965, five years after his death as 367 pages in 40 chapters. Reprints were made in 1975 and 1978 with fewer typographical errors.〔Biographical sketch by Manjula Trivedi, 1965 in book Vedic Mathematics, pages x, xi.〕 Several reprints have been made since the 1990s.〔
Tirthaji claimed that he found the sutras after years of studying the Vedas, a set of sacred ancient Hindu texts. However, Vedas do not contain any of the "Vedic mathematics" sutras.〔〔(The Fraud of Vedic Maths ). Hartosh Singh Bal. Open Magazine. 14 August 2010.〕 First, Tirthaji’s description of the mathematics as Vedic is most commonly criticised on the basis that, thus far, none of the sūtras can be found in any extant Vedic literature (Williams, 2000). When challenged by Professor K.S. Shukla to point out the sutras in question in the Parishishta of the Atharvaveda, Shukla reported that the Tirthaji said that the sixteen sutras were not in the standard editions of the Parishishta, and that they occurred in his own Parishishta and not any other.〔K.S. Shukla, ''Vedic mathematics — the illusive title of Swamiji’s book'', Mathematical Education, Vol 5: No. 3, January–March 1989〕〔K.S. Shukla, ''Mathematics — The Deceptive Title of Swamiji’s Book'', in Issues in Vedic Mathematics, (ed: H.C.Khare), Rashtriya Veda Vidya Prakashan and Motilal Banarasidass Publ., 1991.〕
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